Was Ancient Egypt black?

According to my research, Ancient Egypt was partly black & had black Pharoahs. In prehistory, Egypt was likely 100% black much like the rest of Africa. But with the arrival of initially Hamitic then Jewish, Greek, Arabic, Roman & Ottoman populations - Egypt lost it's black majority. Ancient Egypt likely had the most (black) African input in it's foundation but slowly many other non-African cultures came to establish themselves in that land. The original Hamitic people that initiated "Kemet" are now called the Coptic people of Egypt. So the answer to "Was Ancient Egypt black?" is "Partly."

"Was Ancient Egypt black?" on YouTube

AFRICAN MORALITY.

Written on 1 Oct. 2026 10:20 AM 

Do we (as Trans-Saharan Africans) have a unified set of beliefs of what is wrong & right whether it be in our respective lands, tribes or countries? Are we all made aware of such ideals & indoctrinated them from an early age? 

Are we taught not to lie, cheat & steal or do we learn it from "the community". Is our faith & religion in-line with our laws? Are our tribal beliefs in-line with our laws? 

Religion, tribal beliefs & national law must all be unified into one for national harmony. If you are a Jewish land, it only makes sense that your holy scrolls, holy book or, in the case of a Jewish state, the Torah are simultaneously tribal beliefs & national law. This goes with Hindi, Buddhism, Vodun & whatever faith your land has. 

Your African set of beliefs & your land's faith should be documented in modern times to become your land's religion & law. This prevents a conflict of interest in spiritual matters & legal matters. 

Why electric motorbikes are inexpensive.

There are mainly two reasons electric vehicles in general are so inexpensive. One reason is because they need less maintenance: no petrol, no oil, no carburettor or filter problems & because most electric vehicles are automatic gearboxes - no gearbox & clutch repairs. The other darker reason is manufacturers using cheaper & inferior materials & technology. 

Low cost electric motorbikes from developing economies (southeast Asia & South Africa in this case) take this to the extreme when using weak electric motors & batteries for their vehicles. For example; at one of the popular newly established electric motorcycle factories in South Africa their strongest motor is 1500 W, if you're carrying 110 kg (i. e. 40 kg & yourself) on a 30° incline - it will struggle. The physics mathematics says it will go no more than 10 km an hour. You need a 3000 W electric motor power or more in South Africa. Furthermore, sales representatives of some electric motorcycle brands in South Africa don't even know what regenerative braking is. It's not a requirement seeing as their motorcycles don't have it but if you're in the motoring field, as your line of work - you should, at least, know more than me. No regenerative braking is bad if your battery range is weak (60 km or less). Talking of range, the type of material used in the battery plays a role in such. My experience of lead acid batteries is just not that great because you don't even have to reach a certain amount of charging cycles for the battery to weaken. The weather alone seems to weaken lead acid batteries. Lithium-ion seems ok but if we're talking about charging cycles & all-round battery superiority, sodium-ion seems to be the best. 

Delivery motorbikes need a minimum 100 km range which I simply don't trust cheaper lead acid batteries for. As an urban commuter, in my experience, you'll need a 70 km battery range on average. In time, the battery will decrease range as the charging cycles pile up & so choosing a higher kilometre range vehicle & better battery (i. e. a battery with more charging cycles like a sodium-ion battery) will be better in future. 

Roam Air motorcycles & Spiro of Kenya usually have 3000 W (3 kW) or a 5000 W (5 kW) electric motor while really expensive bikes from developed countries have 15 kW motor power & can cost as much as a car. Getting a 1,6 kW power electric motorbike will really show you flames on inclines, so save yourself the hassle. 

So between using cheaper battery materials & weaker electric motors is why some electric motorbikes are so inexpensive & virtually not worth buying aside from just odd fun or racing. Ideally speaking, for an everyday use electric motorbike - you'll need one with at least 3 kW power or more, 80 km range & a sodium-ion battery. This is a bike that will last you years. 

An e-motorbike which would be ideal in South Africa regarding the specifications. 

• Puncture proof tyres 

• Sodium-ion motorcycle batteries  

• Electric motorcycles online 

Zero FX vs Roam Air

African self-determination.

African self-determination is seen as a joke. We admire nation-states like Rwanda, Morocco & Eswatini but we don't really like what it takes to make a social democrat land like those in Scandinavia. Most adult Africans want a conservative society but have a largely leftist youth & public that opposes helpful conservative ideas that would help the country progress. We simply need to focus on what's best for our lands & what will suit us going forward. Parliaments & governments can't be implementing laws that do harm or make no sense to the people they govern. 

I struggle to figure out what's difficult as a leader in putting yourself in an average citizen's shoes or point of view & seeing what life is like for them & how it can be better. The money to improve citizen's lives may not always be there but the state governs the land & all it's finances. State projects should make the state money & in turn help the citizens of the land live better because the people of the land are those that make the land. The engineers, mechanics, teachers, soldiers, doctors, nurses, businesspeople, sportsmen & other professions are all people of the land - which the state needs to support to make the land better. 

If you show hatred to your citizens as a political leader, what kind of country do you think you're making? You would naturally make a country that rejects & dislikes authority. The brief as a politician is simple: 1) put yourself in other people's shoes & 2) be fair. This will ensure the people's favour helps your governance. 

ETHNOSTATE AFRICA: 

This is one idea that terrifies many Africans because they fear being amongst their own people & creating national institutions with their people within their own ethnic homeland. While many conservative Africans like the idea of an ethnostate Africa, it's more a fanciful idea & they're unlikely to act on it. An ethnostate Africa, I believe, would pull us back to order. An unkempt Nigeria, Namibia, Mozambique or Congo is an accepted reality. A unkempt modern Benin Kingdom, Herero state, Tsonga Kingdom or Lingala state is another story because, it reflects on that ethnicity. It's easy for Hausas, Igbos & Yorubas to slander Nigeria but not a sovereign Hausaland, sovereign Igboland or sovereign Yorubaland. Most Kenyans seem to like Kenya because it's united by a language & indigenous name but they're still said to vote among ethnic lines. We innately & subconsciously want to go back to our ethnic confederations as Africans but modern life won't allow us to, we have bills to pay & lives to live. But I want you (the reader) to consider the benefits of your life in a true nationstate as an African, the pros & cons - most often the pros outweigh the cons because as it would appear (when comparing Africa's development with smaller nation-states worldwide) ethnic tensions can steal decades & centuries from a country's progress. Should you act now? Perhaps not. But we should consider referendums on whether certain regions & populations want to return to their ethnic confederations or not. We sanctify what we identify with, we seldom respect what is forging our consent. 

AN IDEAL AFRICA 

Civilised Africans

Growing up, a lot of black people really believe that before the arrival of Europeans or even Arabs - we were simply swinging on tree vines in the jungle, fighting lions & things of that sort when the reality is a little different. There were hunter-gatherer communities for the most part of African history who used tools like spears, axes & bows & arrows with basic shelter but on the eve of European colonization (late 15th century); most of Africa was inhabited by agri-pastoralists (i. e. people who ploughed fields for crops & kept livestock) & semi-nomadic pastoralists (i. e. people who migrated to favourable regions & kept livestock). Agri-pastoralists & semi-nomadic pastoralists would, on occasion, hunt should need arise. On the eve of European colonization in Africa, hunter-gatherer communities were limited to tribes like the San, Sandawe & pygmies (Twa) in the equatorial rainforests of Africa (N. B. The Khoi were semi-nomadic pastoralists & kept livestock). 

It always comes as a shock to people how civilised Africans were - to the point of being capable of storing food for dry/colder seasons. 

AFRICAN INNOVATION

As historical archives would have it, Africans were no strangers to water travel. Below, is an article of sea travel by Swahili people of East Africa: 

2000 YEAR OLD SWAHILI BOAT MAKING: 

The Mtepe was a distinctive wooden sailing vessel developed by the Swahili people along the East African coast. It was used in present-day Kenya, Tanzania, southern Somalia, the Comoros, northern Mozambique, and western Madagascar, where it played an important role in trade across the Indian Ocean. Ancient Greek writers described sewn-plank boats sailing from East Africa as early as the 1st century AD in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea. The Mtepe was also recorded by the Portuguese in 1661 in the Lamu Archipelago, present day Kenya.  

Unlike ships held together with iron nails, the Mtepe was built by sewing wooden planks together with strong coir rope made from coconut fibre and securing them with wooden pegs. It had a broad, shallow hull with pointed ends, a forward-leaning mast, and a square sail woven from palm or coconut fibres, making it well suited for coastal waters and long-distance voyages. Measuring between 12 and 30 metres in length, Mtepes transported goods such as ivory, gold, mangrove poles, salt, pottery, and other valuable cargo between the ports of East Africa and trading centres in Arabia, Persia, and India. They were especially admired for their speed and were often decorated with carved prows, geometric designs, tassels, small flags, and protective amulets. By the early 20th century, the traditional Mtepe had largely disappeared and replaced by modified vessels such as the dau la mtepe. 

#Swahili #Mtepe #EastAfrica #AfricanHistory #MaritimeHistory #IndianOcean #History #Heritage